Dialogue

Vocabulary (Review)

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Lesson Transcript

INTRODUCTION
Betsey: Hi everyone! Welcome back to ItalianPod101.com. This is Lower Beginner Season 1 Lesson 2 - What Do You Do in Your Free Time in Italy? I'm Betsey.
Ofelia: Ciao! Ofelia here! In this lesson you'll learn how to use regular verbs in –are, -ere, -ire.
Betsey: This conversation takes place at the bar after school.
Ofelia: It's between Mieke and Jack. The speakers are friends, so they will be using informal language.
Betsey: Let's listen to the conversation.
DIALOGUE
Mieke: Cosa fai di solito dopo la scuola?
Jack: Lavoro in un ristorante qui vicino il mercoledì e venerdì sera. Oppure leggo qui al bar o ... dormo a casa. E tu?
Mieke: Anch'io lavoro. In una pasticceria, tre volte alla settimana. Il venerdì gioco a tennis e il lunedì studio italiano in una scuola in centro.
Jack: Ma tu parli già bene l'italiano!
Betsey: Let's hear the conversation one time slowly.
Mieke: Cosa fai di solito dopo la scuola?
Jack: Lavoro in un ristorante qui vicino il mercoledì e venerdì sera. Oppure leggo qui al bar o ... dormo a casa. E tu?
Mieke: Anch'io lavoro. In una pasticceria, tre volte alla settimana. Il venerdì gioco a tennis e il lunedì studio italiano in una scuola in centro.
Jack: Ma tu parli già bene l'italiano!
Betsey: Now let's hear it with the English translation.
Mieke: Cosa fai di solito dopo la scuola?
Mieke: What do you usually do after school?
Jack: Lavoro in un ristorante qui vicino il mercoledì e venerdì sera. Oppure leggo qui al bar o ... dormo a casa. E tu?
Jack: I work in a restaurant nearby on Wednesday and Friday evenings. Or read here at the bar or...sleep at home. And you?
Mieke: Anch'io lavoro. In una pasticceria, tre volte alla settimana. Il venerdì gioco a tennis e il lunedì studio italiano in una scuola in centro.
Mieke: I also work. In a patisserie, three times a week. On Fridays, I play tennis, and on Mondays, I study Italian in a school in the center.
Jack: Ma tu parli già bene l'italiano!
Jack: But you already speak Italian well!
POST CONVERSATION BANTER
Betsey: Ofelia, I recently read a survey about whether Italian people like their routines or not. What's an average day in the life of an Italian?
Ofelia: As you can imagine, in the morning people have a cappuccino and pastry in their usual bar.
Betsey: Do you like to do that?
Ofelia: Yes, I do, and so do many Italian people!
Betsey: Ok, and what about work?
Ofelia: People usually drive to work. According to the survey, most people - when asked about work - said that they would prefer to have the same job until retirement.
Betsey: That's interesting. Then what about after-work activities?
Ofelia: Well, they are not very active! After work, most people go home, have dinner and spend the evening watching TV.
Betsey: Really? But this routine changes on the weekend, right?
Ofelia: It does! People in Italy hang out with their friends on the weekends, usually on Saturday night.
Betsey: What do Italians do with their friends?
Ofelia: They usually like eating good food and drinking delicious wine, either at home or in restaurants.
Betsey: I see, that sounds good. Now, let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson.
VOCAB LIST
Betsey: The first word we shall see is...
Ofelia: di solito [natural native speed]
Betsey: usually
Ofelia: di solito [slowly - broken down by syllable] di solito [natural native speed]
Betsey: Next
Ofelia: qui vicino [natural native speed]
Betsey: nearby
Ofelia: qui vicino [slowly - broken down by syllable] qui vicino [natural native speed]
Betsey: Next
Ofelia: mercoledi [natural native speed]
Betsey: Wednesday
Ofelia: mercoledi [slowly - broken down by syllable] mercoledi [natural native speed]
Betsey: Next
Ofelia: leggere [natural native speed]
Betsey: to read
Ofelia: leggere [slowly - broken down by syllable] leggere [natural native speed]
Betsey: Next
Ofelia: dormire [natural native speed]
Betsey: to sleep
Ofelia: dormire [slowly - broken down by syllable] dormire [natural native speed]
Betsey: Next
Ofelia: pasticceria [natural native speed]
Betsey: pastry shop
Ofelia: pasticceria [slowly - broken down by syllable] pasticceria [natural native speed]
Betsey: Next
Ofelia: volta [natural native speed]
Betsey: time
Ofelia: volta [slowly - broken down by syllable] volta [natural native speed]
Betsey: Next
Ofelia: settimana [natural native speed]
Betsey: week
Ofelia: settimana [slowly - broken down by syllable] settimana [natural native speed]
Betsey: Next
Ofelia: studiare [natural native speed]
Betsey: to study
Ofelia: studiare [slowly - broken down by syllable] studiare [natural native speed]
Betsey: And last...
Ofelia: centro [natural native speed]
Betsey: center
Ofelia: centro [slowly - broken down by syllable] centro [natural native speed]
KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES
Betsey: Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first one we'll look at is...
Ofelia: MERCOLEDI'
Betsey: WEDNESDAY
Ofelia: Here's a sample sentence. 'Che cosa fai mercoledì sera?'
Betsey: "What are you doing on Wednesday evening?"
Ofelia: Here, the word 'Sera' means "evening." and together, you can say 'mercoledì sera' to mean 'Wednesday evening.'
Betsey: Ofelia, could we go over the days of the week?
Ofelia: Sure. Let's start with "Monday," First, 'Lunedì'. (PAUSE)
Betsey: Monday. Then what about Tuesday?
Ofelia: martedì. (PAUSE)
Betsey: Wednesday?
Ofelia: mercoledì. (PAUSE)
Betsey: Thursday?
Ofelia: giovedì. (PAUSE)
Betsey: Friday?
Ofelia: venerdì. (PAUSE)
Betsey: Saturday?
Ofelia: sabato. (PAUSE)
Betsey: Sunday?
Ofelia: domenica. (PAUSE)
Betsey: Are they all masculine?
Ofelia: They are all masculine, except for 'domenica' which means "Sunday,"
Betsey: You can see this list of the days of the week in the lesson notes.
Ofelia: Please note that the first letter is not capitalized like in English.
Betsey: Okay! What's the next word?
Ofelia: SETTIMANA
Betsey: WEEK
Ofelia: Here's a sample sentence. "In una settimana ci sono sette giorni."
Betsey: In a week there are seven days.
Ofelia: The word 'settimana' is feminine. Here, it has the word 'sette' inside, which means the number 'Seven.'
Betsey: That's a good tip to memorize the word. Are there any expressions with 'settimana'?
Ofelia: Yes. First, let's take a look at "fine settimana" Here, 'fine' means 'end' and "settimana' means 'week.'
Betsey: So it literally means 'the end of week.' or 'weekend' in English.
Ofelia: Can you guess what this word means - settimana bianca.
Betsey: What does the second word mean?
Ofelia: bianca means "white" so altogether it means "white week."
Betsey: And...that's for skiing season right?
Ofelia: That's right. People call the skiing week as settimana bianca or "white week," For example, you can say ‘Maria trascorre la settimana bianca a Cortina.'
Betsey: "Mary spends the skiing week in Cortina." Okay, now, let's move on to the grammar.
GRAMMAR POINT
Betsey: The focus of this lesson is the conjugation of Italian verbs in the present indicative.
Ofelia: Yes. Italian verbs are divided into three conjugation groups, according to the ending of the infinitive.
Betsey: Could you briefly introduce them one by one?
Ofelia: Sure. In the first group, all verbs end with –A.R.E. or 'Are.' For example, lavorare (SLOWLY), meaning "to work" in English.
Betsey: What about the second group?
Ofelia: In the second group, all verbs end in –E.R.E or 'ere'. For example leggere (SLOWLY) meaning "to read" in English.
Betsey: Ok, and what about the third one?
Ofelia: All the verbs in the third group end with 'I.R.E' or 'ire.' For example, dormire (SLOWLY) the word meaning 'to sleep' in English.
Betsey: Italian verbs are conjugated in the various persons and numbers, by adding the proper ending to the stem.
Ofelia: Exactly. When you read regular verbs in Italian, you just need to substitute the infinitive endings, -are, -ere, -ire, with the right person and number ending. It is easier than it seems.
Betsey: Can you give us an example?
Ofelia: Of course. From the first group, 'LAVORARE', meaning "to work." you can conjugate them by replacing the infinitive ending '-are.'
Betsey: Okay, let's check them one by one by changing the subject. What about the subject 'I' or the first person pronoun?
Ofelia: You can put 'O', instead of 'are.'
Betsey: For example, "I work" can be..
Ofelia: 'lavor-o'. You can take out the 'ARE' at the end of the verb, then put 'O' instead. Therefore, 'Lavor-O.'
Betsey: What about "you work?" (informal)
Ofelia: You can put "I" instead. So it'd be 'Tu lavor-i'.
Betsey: What about "he or she works"?
Ofelia: You can put 'A' at the end. So it will be 'Lui lavor-a', or 'lei lavor-a'. Remember that 'LEI LAVORA' is also the polite way to say 'you work'.
Betsey: What about 'We work?'
Ofelia: You can use 'iamo' at the end, so it will be 'Noi lavor-iamo'
Betsey: And there's also the pronoun meaning 'you' in plural, right?
Ofelia: Right. When you use the verb with the pronoun 'Voi', it should be 'Voi lavor-ate'. You can put '-ATE' in the place of '-ARE'.(PAUSE)
Betsey: Okay, let's check the last one. What about 'They work?'
Ofelia: You can replace 'ARE' with 'ANO.' So it should be. 'Loro lavor-ano.'
Betsey: Okay, now let's take a look at the verbs in the second group ending with 'ere'
Ofelia: 'ERE' verbs are very similar, but there are some differences. Let's go over the differences, but here we'll just compare to the conjugation rules of the first group.
Betsey: Sure. How do you say 'He reads' or 'She reads?'
Ofelia: 'Lui legg-e or Lei legg-e' (Pause) 'Lui legg-e or Lei legg-e'. Here, you can put 'E' at the end.
Betsey: It's different that you had to put 'A' when you conjugate the verbs ending with 'Are.'
Ofelia: That's right.
Betsey: And you can find the same difference when using the pronoun 'Voi', right?
Ofelia: That's right. You can say 'You read' as 'Voi legg-ete' (PAUSE) 'Voi legg-ete'
Betsey: So it's not 'a.t.e', but 'e.t.e', E instead of A when talking about the second group.
Ofelia: That's right.
Betsey: What about "they read?"
Ofelia: It's 'Loro legg-ono' (PAUSE) ‘Loro legg-ono.' Here, you can use 'ono' for the second group, very similar to 'Ano' for the first group.
Betsey: Okay, then, let's take a look at the third group, which ends with 'IRE.' Let's go over the differences in that group. How do you say "He sleeps" or "She sleeps,"
Ofelia: It's 'Lui dorm-e or Lei dorm-e' (PAUSE) 'Lui dorm-e' or 'Lei dorm-e'
Betsey: So it's the same as the second group. Then what about with the pronoun 'Voi?'
Ofelia: It's 'Voi dorm-ite' (PAUSE) ‘Voi dorm-ite.' You can use 'ite' for the verbs in the third group. For the pronoun 'Loro', you can use the same word 'ono' as you used for the second group.
Betsey: Make sure you check the lesson notes to reinforce everything you've learned in this lesson.

Outro

Betsey: OK. That's all for this lesson. Thanks for listening everyone, and see you next time!
Ofelia: A presto!

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