Learn how to use the Italian past conditional tense to express future events in the past
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Marco: Hello, and welcome to the Beginner Series S2 at ItalianPOD101.com, where we study modern Italian in a fun, educational format! |
| Cinzia: So, brush up on the Italian that you started learning long ago, or start learning today. |
| Marco: Thanks for being here with us for this lesson. Cinzia, what are we looking at in this lesson. |
| Marco: In this lesson we wil learn how to use of the condizionale passato in expressing the future in the past |
| Cinzia: This conversation takes place on the streets of Italy |
| Marco: And it is between Luca and Peter |
| Cinzia: They are friends, therefore they will be speaking informal Italian |
| Marco: Basic and Premium members.... |
| Cinzia: if you have a 3G phone... |
| Marco: you can see the Lesson Notes in your favorite browser on your phone! |
| Cinzia: Stop by ItalianPOD101.com to find out more. |
| Marco: Let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Peter: È dalla stazione di servizio che sei triste. |
| Luca: Odio essere in ritardo. Mentre aspettavamo Anna ed Elena, sapevo che saremmo arrivati in ritardo. |
| Peter: Non essere giù, non è una cosa grave. |
| Luca: Hai ragione. Inoltre oggi è un giorno per festeggiare. |
| Peter: Bravo! |
| Luca: Andiamo a salutare gli altri. |
| English Host: Let’s hear the conversation one time slowly. |
| Peter: È dalla stazione di servizio che sei triste. |
| Luca: Odio essere in ritardo. Mentre aspettavamo Anna ed Elena, sapevo che saremmo arrivati in ritardo. |
| Peter: Non essere giù, non è una cosa grave. |
| Luca: Hai ragione. Inoltre oggi è un giorno per festeggiare. |
| Peter: Bravo! |
| Luca: Andiamo a salutare gli altri. |
| English Host: Now let’s hear it with the English translation. |
| Peter: È dalla stazione di servizio che sei triste. |
| Marco: It’s from the service station that you are sad. |
| Luca: Odio essere in ritardo. Mentre aspettavamo Anna ed Elena, sapevo che saremmo arrivati in ritardo. |
| Marco: I hate being late. While we were waiting for Anna and Elena, I knew we’d arrive late. |
| Peter: Non essere giù, non è una cosa grave. |
| Marco: Don’t be depressed. It’s not something serious. |
| Luca: Hai ragione. Inoltre oggi è un giorno per festeggiare. |
| Marco: You are right. Besides, today is a day to celebrate. |
| Peter: Bravo! |
| Marco: Good! |
| Luca: Andiamo a salutare gli altri. |
| Marco: Let’s go say hi to the others. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Cinzia: Peter is right, no one should be sad on the day of a wedding. |
| Marco: You are absolutely right, by the way when are you going to get married? |
| Cinzia: Me? Married? Hmmm. |
| Marco: She is thinking about it, she is… |
| Cinzia: I’m not going to get married soon, so you can relax. |
| Marco: And I had thought we had a nice scoop! |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Marco: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| The first word we shall see is: |
| Cinzia: triste [natural native speed] |
| Marco: sad, gloomy, unhappy |
| Cinzia: triste [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Cinzia: triste [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Cinzia: odiare [natural native speed] |
| Marco: to hate, to loathe, to detest |
| Cinzia: odiare [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Cinzia: odiare [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Cinzia: essere giù [natural native speed] |
| Marco: to be down, to be depressed, to be run down |
| Cinzia: essere giù [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Cinzia: essere giù [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Cinzia: inoltre [natural native speed] |
| Marco: furthermore, besides, moreover, also, what’s more |
| Cinzia: inoltre [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Cinzia: inoltre [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Cinzia: festeggiare [natural native speed] |
| Marco: to celebrate |
| Cinzia: festeggiare [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Cinzia: festeggiare [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Cinzia: bravo [natural native speed] |
| Marco: good, clever, smart, skilled |
| Cinzia: bravo [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Cinzia: bravo [natural native speed] |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Marco: Let's have a closer look at the usuage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Cinzia: The first word we will look at is |
| triste |
| Marco: And the sample sentence is? |
| Cinzia: Non essere triste. |
| Marco: Don’t be sad. |
| Cinzia: The next word/expression we will look at is |
| odiare |
| Marco: And the sample sentence is? |
| Cinzia: Odio andare a scuola! |
| Marco: I hate going to school. |
| Cinzia: The next word/expression we will look at is |
| essere giù |
| Marco: And the sample sentence is? |
| Cinzia: Sei sempre giù. |
| Marco: You are always depressed. |
| Cinzia: The next word/expression we will look at is |
| inoltre |
| Marco: And the sample sentence is? |
| Cinzia: Inoltre vorrei ringraziare Anna. |
| Marco: Furthermore I’d like to thank Anna. |
| Cinzia: The next word/expression we will look at is |
| festeggiare |
| Marco: And the sample sentence is? |
| Cinzia: Domani sera festeggiamo il compleanno di Lucia. |
| Marco: Tomorrow evening we are celebrating Lucia’s birthday. |
| Cinzia: Today's last word/expression is |
| bravo |
| Marco: And the sample sentence is? |
| Cinzia: Sei molto brava a disegnare. |
| Marco: You are very good at drawing. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Marco: The principal usage of the past conditional is to express future events in the past, following the tense agreement of past tenses. |
| Cinzia: This use is different from English as we would use the present conditional instead. |
| Marco: In this type of usage, a verb conjugated in the past tense always precedes the past conditional. For instance |
| Cinzia: Mentre pensavo alla mia ragazza sapevo che mi avrebbe chiamato. |
| Marco: While I was thinking about my girlfriend, I knew she would call me. |
| Cinzia: I passeggeri aspettavano sul treno, sapendo che sarebbero arrivati in ritardo. |
| Marco: The passengers were waiting on the train, knowing they'd arrive late. |
| Cinzia: Anche se non aveva prove, Antonio sentiva che avrebbe vinto la partita. |
| Marco: Even though he didn't have any proof, Antonio felt he'd win the match." |
| Cinzia: We obtain the past conditional of verbs that require the auxiliary verb avere in the following way |
| Marco: Subject + auxiliary verb (present conditional) + main verb (past participle) |
| Cinzia: Note that the past participle of main verbs that require the auxiliary verb avere never change their form according to the subject they refer to. |
| Marco: For example |
| Cinzia: Io avrei comprato una casa. |
| Marco: I would have bought a house. |
| Cinzia: Noi avremmo comprato una casa. |
| Marco: We would have bought a house. |
| Cinzia: let us now see the Condizionale Passato conjugation of the verb giocare |
| Marco: to play |
| Cinzia: this verb requires the auxiliary avere |
| Cinzia: Io avrei giocato |
| Marco: "I would have played" |
| Cinzia: Io avresti giocato |
| Marco: "You would have played" |
| Cinzia: Lui/lei avrebbe giocato |
| Marco: "He/she/it would have played" |
| Cinzia: Noi avremmo giocato |
| Marco: "We would have played" |
| Cinzia: Voi avreste giocato |
| Marco: "You would have played" |
| Cinzia: Loro avrebbero giocato |
| Marco: "They would have played" |
Outro |
| Marco: That just about does it for today. |
| Marco: Testing yourself is one of the most effective ways to learn. |
| Cinzia: That's why we have 3 types of quizzes. |
| Marco: Vocabulary, grammar, and content specific. |
| Cinzia: Each quiz targets specific skill... |
| Marco: And together these quizzes will help you |
| master several fundamental skills. : |
| Cinzia: You can find them in the learning center at |
| Marco: ItalianPod101.com |
| Marco: Arrivederci! |
| Cinzia: A presto! |
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